what is Translation?

During translation the genetic information present in mRNA directs the order of specific amino acids to form a polypeptide or protein. The mRNA has a series of triplet bases, each triplet forming a codon. The codons pair with anticodons of the tRNA molecule. Each anticodon consists of three free bases.This pairing follows the A U and G C combination. Thus the codon GUC pairs with the anticodon CAG of tRNA.

Thus the series of codons on mRNA determines the series of anticodons of the different tRNA molecules, and hence of the amino acids. Since the triplets of mRNA in turn depend upon the series of bases in DNA, it follows that the DNA molecule determines the sequence of amino acids, and hence the structure of the protein molecule.
 The translation process consists of activation of amino acids, transfer of the activated amino acid to tRNA, initiation of polypeptide chain synthesis, chain elongation and chain termination